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1.
Rev. bras. oftalmol ; 83: e0002, 2024. graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1529930

ABSTRACT

RESUMO O propósito deste estudo foi reportar as alterações oculares observadas após picada de abelha com ferrão retido na córnea. Destacamos o tratamento e o desfecho de uma lesão de córnea incomum e sua patogênese. Trata-se de relato de caso e revisão da literatura de lesões oculares por picada de abelha. Paciente do sexo feminino, 63 anos, procurou atendimento oftalmológico de urgência devido à picada de abelha na córnea do olho direito há 6 dias. Queixava-se de embaçamento visual, dor e hiperemia ocular. Apresentou acuidade visual de vultos no olho afetado. Ao exame, notaram-se hiperemia moderada de conjuntiva bulbar, edema corneano com dobras de Descemet e presença do ferrão alojado na região temporal, no estroma profundo da córnea. A paciente foi internada para ser abordada no centro cirúrgico sob anestesia geral. Durante a cirurgia, o ferrão teve que ser retirado via câmara anterior, mediante a realização de uma paracentese e uma lavagem da câmara anterior, com dupla via e solução salina balanceada. Ainda não existe na literatura um tratamento padrão na abordagem de pacientes com lesões oculares por picada de abelha, sendo importantes a identificação e o reconhecimento precoce de possíveis complicações que ameacem a visão.


ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to report the ocular changes observed after a bee sting with a stinger retained in the cornea. We show the treatment and outcome of an unusual corneal injury and its pathogenesis. This is a case report and literature review of ocular injuries caused by bee stings. A 63-year-old female patient sought emergency ophthalmic care because of a bee sting on the cornea of her right eye six days before. She complained of blurred vision, pain, and ocular hyperemia. She had glare sensitivity on visual acuity in the affected eye. Examination revealed moderate hyperemia of the bulbar conjunctiva, corneal edema with Descemet's folds and a stinger lodged in the temporal region, in the deep stroma of the cornea. The patient was admitted to the operating room under general anesthesia. During surgery, the stinger had to be removed via the anterior chamber, by performing a paracentesis and washing the anterior chamber with a double flushing and balanced saline solution. There is still no standard treatment in the literature for patients with eye injuries caused by bee stings, and early identification and recognition of possible sight-threatening complications is important.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Bee Venoms/adverse effects , Corneal Edema/etiology , Eye Foreign Bodies/complications , Corneal Injuries/etiology , Insect Bites and Stings/complications , Ophthalmologic Surgical Procedures/methods , Corneal Edema/diagnosis , Corneal Edema/physiopathology , Iridocyclitis , Eye Foreign Bodies/surgery , Eye Foreign Bodies/diagnosis , Corneal Injuries/surgery , Corneal Injuries/diagnosis , Slit Lamp Microscopy , Gonioscopy , Insect Bites and Stings/surgery , Insect Bites and Stings/diagnosis
3.
Rev. bras. oftalmol ; 81: e0105, 2022. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1407682

ABSTRACT

RESUMO O glaucoma é considerado a maior causa de cegueira irreversível no mundo, e o aumento da pressão intraocular constitui seu principal fator de risco. Usualmente, a terapia inicial do glaucoma consiste na redução da pressão intraocular a partir da instilação de drogas hipotensoras tópicas, estando as cirurgias antiglaucomatosas reservadas, na maioria das vezes, para casos em que o controle da doença não é atingido clinicamente. Classicamente, o tratamento cirúrgico do glaucoma é realizado a partir dos procedimentos filtrantes: trabeculectomia e implante de dispositivos de drenagem. O acrônimo MIGS (do inglês minimally invasive glaucoma surgery, procedimentos minimamente invasivos para glaucoma) corresponde a um grupo de procedimentos cirúrgicos pouco invasivos, que propõem a redução pressórica de maneira mais segura e previsível, quando comparada às técnicas cirúrgicas antiglaucomatosas convencionais.


ABSTRACT Glaucoma is considered the biggest cause of irreversible blindness in the world and the increase in intraocular pressure is its main risk factor. Usually, the initial therapy for glaucoma consists of reducing IOP through the instillation of topical hypotensive drugs, with antiglaucoma surgeries being normally reserved for cases in which disease control is not clinically achieved. Classically, the surgical treatment of glaucoma is performed using filtering procedures: trabeculectomy; non-penetrating sclerotomy and glaucoma drainage devices. The acronym MIGS (Minimally Invasive Glaucoma Surgery) corresponds to a group of minimally invasive surgical procedures that provide a safer and more predictable pressure reduction when compared to conventional antiglaucoma surgical techniques.


Subject(s)
Humans , Glaucoma/surgery , Glaucoma, Open-Angle/surgery , Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures/methods , Trabecular Meshwork/surgery , Trabeculectomy , Stents , Filtering Surgery , Prosthesis Implantation , Glaucoma Drainage Implants , Injections, Intraocular , Gels , Gonioscopy , Intraocular Pressure
5.
Rev. bras. oftalmol ; 81: e0002, 2022. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1357126

ABSTRACT

RESUMO Objetivo Avaliar a eficácia da trabeculotomia transluminal assistida por gonioscopia correlacionada com a gravidade do glaucoma. Métodos Análise restrospectiva de prontuários de pacientes que foram submetidos à trabeculotomia transluminal assistida por gonioscopia no período de 2019 a 2021 em um hospital privado. Resultados Vinte olhos foram submetidos à trabeculotomia transluminal assistida por gonioscopia (dois olhos) ou facectomia e trabeculotomia transluminal assistida por gonioscopia (18 olhos). Pacientes portadores da doença avançada obtiveram redução de 5mmHg (26,5%) na pressão intraocular, com redução de 2,3 drogas, e olhos com glaucoma leve ou moderado apresentaram redução de 8mmHg (40%) na pressão intraocular média e 2,1 drogas. Metade dos olhos operados teve hifema nos primeiros dias como principal complicação cirúrgica. Conclusão A trabeculotomia transluminal assistida por gonioscopia é um procedimento eficaz na redução da pressão intraocular e na redução da quantidade de drogas em uso, apresentando maior redução da pressão intraocular em olhos com glaucoma leve/moderado.


ABSTRACT Objective To evaluate efficacy of gonioscopy-assisted transluminal trabeculotomy and relate to severity of glaucoma. Methods A retrospective analysis of medical records of patients submitted to gonioscopy-assisted transluminal trabeculotomy, at a private hospital, from 2019 to 2021. Results A total of 20 were submitted to gonioscopy-assisted transluminal trabeculotomy (2 eyes) or facectomy and gonioscopy-assisted transluminal trabeculotomy (18 eyes). Patients with advanced-stage disease achieved a decrease by 5 mmHg (26.5%) in IOP, with a reduction of 2.3 drugs, and eyes with mild or moderate glaucoma showed a drop by 8 mmHg (40%) in mean IOP and of 2.1 drugs. Half of the operated eyes had hyphema in the first days as the main surgical complication. Conclusion Gonioscopy-assisted transluminal trabeculotomy is an effective procedure to reduce IOP and the number of drugs being used, with greater IOP decrease in eyes with mild/moderate glaucoma.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Aged , Trabeculectomy , Glaucoma, Open-Angle/surgery , Glaucoma, Open-Angle/diagnosis , Medical Records , Retrospective Studies , Treatment Outcome , Gonioscopy/methods , Intraocular Pressure
6.
Health Sciences Journal ; : 63-68, 2021.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-960750

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE@#The aim of this paper was to create a Portable Gonioscopy System (PGS) that is effcient and cost-effective in documenting iridocorneal angles.@*METHODS@#A 4-mirror gonioscopy prism lens was attached to a portable USB microscope with a built-in camera. The microscope was then connected to a laptop for viewing of the images. A lubricant was instilled and the portable gonioscope was placed parallel to the cornea for viewing and recording of iridocorneal angles. Images were fled and stored in a laptop.@*RESULTS@#The portable gonioscopy system allowed suffcient viewing and recording of the iridocorneal angles. The total cost of producing the portable gonioscopy system was PHP 25,000.00.@*CONCLUSION@#Iridocorneal angles can be visualized and recorded using the portable gonioscopy system. This device requires skill and expertise from professional prototypist to create. Like gonioscopy, this system also has a steep learning curve. The researchers are continuously improving the device adding more features and making it more affordable and easier to use.


Subject(s)
Gonioscopy
7.
Rev. cuba. oftalmol ; 33(4): e955, oct.-dic. 2020. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-1156574

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Determinar las características clínicas y epidemiológicas del síndrome pseudoexfoliativo. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio de 109 ojos correspondientes a 55 pacientes atendidos en el Centro de Microcirugía Ocular y en el Servicio de Glaucoma del Instituto Cubano de Oftalmología "Ramón Pando Ferrer" entre julio del año 2016 y septiembre de 2017. Para su caracterización se realizaron determinaciones a través de la gonioscopia, la tonometría, la paquimetría, la microscopia endotelial, el fondo de ojo y la medición de la agudeza visual. Resultados: El promedio de edad fue de 74,6 años, con predominio del sexo masculino (60 por ciento) y la piel blanca (78,2 por ciento), con antecedentes frecuentes de enfermedad vascular, particularmente hipertensión arterial (65,5 por ciento). El 92,7 por ciento presentaba catarata bilateral con predominio nuclear. Todos los pacientes tenían ángulo camerular abierto y la presión intraocular era alta en el 36,4 por ciento de los casos. La presencia de glaucoma fue del 56,4 por ciento, más frecuente el unilateral (38,2 por ciento). En relación con el endotelio corneal, la celularidad estaba disminuida en el 40 por ciento, con polimegatismo (58,2 por ciento) y pleomorfismo (72,7 por ciento). Conclusión: No se encuentra relación entre las alteraciones corneales, la edad, la presión intraocular y la presencia de material pseudoexfoliativo(AU)


Objective: Determine the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of pseudoexfoliation syndrome. Methods: A study was conducted of 109 eyes of 55 patients attending the Ocular Microsurgery Center and Glaucoma Service at Ramón Pando Ferrer Cuban Institute of Ophthalmology from July 2016 to September 2017. Characterization was based on determinations made by gonioscopy, tonometry, pachymetry, endothelial microscopy, funduscopy and visual acuity measurement. Results: Mean age was 74.6 years, with a predominance of the male sex (60 percent), white skin (78.2 percent) and frequent antecedents of vascular disease, particularly arterial hypertension (65.5 percent). All the patients had cataract, which was predominantly bilateral and nuclear in 92.7 percent. In all cases the chamber angle was open, whereas intraocular pressure was high in 36.4 percent. 56.4 percent of the patients had glaucoma, which was more commonly unilateral (38.2 percent). Regarding the corneal endothelium, cellularity was reduced in 40 percent, with polymegethism (58.2 percent) and pleomorphism (72.7 percent). Conclusion: No relationship was found between corneal alterations, age and intraocular pressure, and the presence of pseudoexfoliative material(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Aged , Visual Acuity , Glaucoma/diagnosis , Exfoliation Syndrome/epidemiology , Gonioscopy/methods , Intraocular Pressure , Microscopy/methods
8.
Rev. bras. oftalmol ; 79(1): 53-55, Jan.-Feb. 2020. graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1092660

ABSTRACT

Resumo A reversão da escavação é uma entidade rara que se refere à redução da escavação do disco óptico em resposta à diminuição sustentada dos níveis de pressão intra-ocular (PIO), em cerca de 25% da PIO basal. A ocorrência deste fenômeno apenas com o tratamento clínico é pouco relatada na literatura, Este estudo relata um caso de um paciente com glaucoma juvenil, que apresentou à gonioscopia ângulo aberto e tomografia de coerência óptica (OCT) com uma diminuição significativa na camada de fibras nervosas retinianas em ambos os olhos. Após um ano utilizando análogos de prostaglandina tópica e manutenção de níveis baixos de PIO, ocorreu diminuição da escavação do nervo óptico, que foi confirmada pelos padrões topográficos da OCT. O "reversal of cupping" é um sinal da diminuição da tensão ao nível da lâmina crivosa e está provavelmente associada a uma redução do risco para a progressão do glaucoma a longo prazo, sem melhora da função visual.


Abstract Reversal of cupping is a rare entity, characterized by the reduction of optical disc cupping in response to sustained decrease in intraocular pressure (IOP) levels by 25% of the basal IOP. The occurrence of this phenomenon with clinical treatment is rarely reported in the literature. This study reports a case of a patient with juvenile glaucoma with augmented cupping, significant decrease in the retinal nerve fiber layer in both eyes and altered topografic measures in optical coherence tomography (OCT). After one year using topical prostaglandin analog and keeping low IOP levels, a decrease in optic nerve cupping was detected in rethinography, confirmed by the improvement of OCT topographic measures. Reversal of cupping is a sign of decreased tension at the level of the lamina cribosa and is probably associated with a reduced risk for long-term progression of glaucoma without improvement of visual function.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Optic Disk/pathology , Glaucoma/diagnosis , Glaucoma/drug therapy , Intraocular Pressure/drug effects , Ophthalmic Solutions/therapeutic use , Ophthalmoscopy , Prostaglandins, Synthetic/therapeutic use , Timolol/therapeutic use , Tonometry, Ocular , Visual Acuity , Glaucoma/physiopathology , Tomography, Optical Coherence , Fundus Oculi , Gonioscopy
9.
Rev. bras. oftalmol ; 78(5): 330-333, Sept.-Oct. 2019. graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1042381

ABSTRACT

Resumo Objetivo: Descrever um caso de glaucoma de ângulo fechado devido a síndrome de íris em platô. Descrição do caso: Paciente do sexo feminino, de 50 anos de idade, que há 13 meses foi tratada de fechamento angular primário a esquerda com sucesso com iridotomia periféria com Nd:YAG laser, compareceu ao serviço com queixa de embaçamento visual e dor intermitentes no olho esquerdo. Ao exame, observou-se fechamento angular à esquerda que se desfazia à gonioscopia de identação e pressão intraocular (PIO) de 16 e 42mmHg. O exame do ângulo da câmara anterior pela tomografia de coerência óptica evidenciou iridotomia patente em ambos os olhos e à esquerda o fechamento aposicional. Pelo estudo das imagens do ângulo foi possível identificar a configuração íris em platô, caracterizando a síndrome de íris em platô à esquerda. Foi procedida a goniosplastia com laser de argônio em ambos os olhos, o que permitiu a correção da configuração da íris e controle da PIO. Após o tratamento, foi realizado exame de campo visual que foi normal à direita e à esquerda identificou escotoma arqueado superior. O fundo de olho mostrou disco óptico normal a direita (0,2),e glaucomatoso à esquerda (0,6). Um ano após a gonioplastia, a acuidade visual foi de 20/30 sem correção por ambos os olhos, PIO de 12 e 13mmHg, sem medicações, com fundo de olho e campos visuais inalterados. Conclusão: A configuração íris em platô deve sempre ser considerada frente a casos de fechamento angular primário, sendo a tomografia de coerência óptica valiosa ferramenta para corroborar no seu diagnóstico.


Abstract Objective: To present a case of closed-angle glaucoma due to Plateau iris syndrome. Case Description: Female Patient, 50 years old, that 13 months ago was treated for primary angular closure to the left successfully with iridotomy with Nd: YAG Laser. She attended the service complaining of visual haze and intermittent pain in the left eye. On examination, it was observed angle closure in the left that could be openned with identation. Intraocular pressure (IOP) of 16 and 42mmHg respectively. The examination of the anterior chamber angle by optical coherence tomography showed patent iridotomy in both eyes and on the left the apositional angle closure. By studying the angle images it was possible to identify plaeau iris configuration, characterizing the iris syndrome of plateau iris. Gonioplasty with argon laser was performed in both eyes, which allowed the correction of iris configuration and control of IOP. After treatment, visual field examination was performed, which was normal to the right and to the left identified superior arcuate scotoma. The Fundus showed a normal right optical disc (0.2), and glaucomatous left (0.6). One year after gonioplasty, visual acuity was 20/30 without correction by both eyes, PIO of 12 and 13mmHg, without medications, with unaltered visual fields and optic discs. Conclusion: The Iris configuration in Plateau should always be considered in front of cases of primary angle closure, being the optical coherence tomography valuable tool to corroborate in its diagnosis.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Glaucoma, Angle-Closure/etiology , Iris Diseases/complications , Glaucoma, Angle-Closure/surgery , Glaucoma, Angle-Closure/diagnosis , Iridectomy/methods , Tomography, Optical Coherence , Laser Therapy , Lasers, Solid-State , Slit Lamp Microscopy , Gonioscopy , Intraocular Pressure , Iris Diseases/surgery , Iris Diseases/diagnosis
10.
Rev. cuba. oftalmol ; 32(3): e770, jul.-set. 2019. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-1099085

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN Se realiza una actualización sobre el diagnóstico y tratamiento del glaucoma infantil primario, considerando la importancia que tiene un diagnóstico precoz y un tratamiento oportuno para obtener los mejores resultados posibles. Actualmente, a pesar del surgimiento de nuevos fármacos y de técnicas quirúrgicas para tratar esta afección, aún existen discrepancias sobre cómo debemos realizar el diagnóstico positivo; qué tratamiento o técnica quirúrgica emplear; cuándo y cuál sería la mejor. Cuando se trata de glaucoma pediátrico (primario o secundario), presente en etapas tan tempranas de la vida -incluso al nacimiento, donde la cirugía está indicada lo más precozmente posible, con la disyuntiva de cuáles medicamentos podemos emplear o no, por desconocimiento de qué efectos indeseables pudieran presentarse en estas edades y además, teniendo en cuenta que estos niños serán nuestros pacientes para toda la vida- es necesario conocer y repasar una vez más este tema. Se recomienda instruir a pediatras y oftalmólogos generales para lograr la remisión adecuada y precoz del niño a un centro especializado para su tratamiento quirúrgico, y mejorar así su pronóstico visual(AU)


ABSTRACT Updated information is provided about the diagnosis and treatment of primary childhood glaucoma, given the importance of early diagnosis and timely treatment to obtain the best possible results. Despite the emergence of new drugs and surgical techniques to treat this disorder, there is still controversy about how we should perform the positive diagnosis, what treatment or surgical technique should be used and when, and which would be the best. When childhood glaucoma (whether primary or secondary) presents at early stages of life - even at birth -, in which case surgery should be indicated as soon as possible, we are faced with the dilemma of what drugs we may or may not use, due to lack of knowledge about undesirable effects which could appear at these ages, and bearing in mind that these children will be our patients for a lifetime. It is thus necessary to be informed about this topic and go over it once again. It is recommended to instruct pediatricians and ophthalmologists to ensure timely, appropriate referral of the child patient to a specialized center where they will receive surgical treatment, thus improving their visual prognosis(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Infant , Child, Preschool , Tonometry, Ocular/methods , Trabeculectomy/methods , Ocular Hypertension/etiology , Early Diagnosis , Gonioscopy/methods
11.
Journal of the Korean Ophthalmological Society ; : 463-469, 2019.
Article in Korean | WPRIM | ID: wpr-738630

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: To evaluate a new gonioscopy score and preoperative factors as a potential predictor for intraocular pressure (IOP) reduction after phacoemulsification. METHODS: This is a retrospective review of 182 eyes with glaucoma of either open or narrow angles that underwent phacoemulsification. Preoperative variables such as age, IOP, refractive errors, anterior chamber depth (ACD), axial length, and lens position were evaluated at 6 months after surgery. A preoperative gonioscopy score was created, summing the Shaffer gonioscopy grading in 4 quadrants. To determine variables associated with IOP change at 6 months, univariate and multivariate linear regression analysis was performed. RESULTS: The mean age of the patients was 72.8 ± 9.5 years and the average preoperative IOP was 16.4 ± 3.7 mmHg with 1.2 glaucoma medications. The mean IOP reduction after phacoemulsification was 2.7 ± 2.2 mmHg at postoperative 6 months. Preoperative IOP (β = 0.55, p < 0.001), gonioscopy score (β = −0.29, p < 0.001), ACD (β = −0.67, p = 0.02), and IOP/ACD ratio (β = 0.58, p = 0.01) were associated with IOP reduction at 6 months. CONCLUSIONS: Preoperative predictors for IOP reduction after phacoemulsification were preoperative IOP, ACD, gonioscopy score, and IOP/ACD ratio in patients with glaucoma. The IOP/ACD ratio and gonioscopy score can be easy parameters to obtain and may help clinicians to estimate the IOP reduction after phacoemulsification.


Subject(s)
Humans , Anterior Chamber , Glaucoma , Gonioscopy , Intraocular Pressure , Linear Models , Phacoemulsification , Refractive Errors , Retrospective Studies
12.
Journal of the Korean Ophthalmological Society ; : 393-398, 2019.
Article in Korean | WPRIM | ID: wpr-738615

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: To report a case of a cyclodialysis cleft that was successfully managed with gonioscopically guided transscleral cyclopexy using partial-thickness scleral flap. CASE SUMMARY: A 44-year-old man complaining of blurred vision in the left eye after blunt trauma was referred to our hospital. The intraocular pressure (IOP) was 4 mmHg and the visual acuity was counting finger. Gonioscopy examination revealed cyclodialysis cleft from 3 to 6 o'clock and fundus examination revealed macular folds. After the failure of conservative medical therapy and laser photocoagulation, gonioscopically guided transscleral cyclopexy using partial-thickness scleral flap was performed. Four months later, the IOP was 18 mmHg, the visual acuity was 0.8, and fundus examination showed the disappearance of the macular folds. CONCLUSIONS: Transscleral cyclopexy using partial-thickness scleral flap is a safe and effective method to treat hypotony maculopathy due to cyclodialysis and to minimize pupil distortion.


Subject(s)
Adult , Humans , Fingers , Gonioscopy , Intraocular Pressure , Light Coagulation , Methods , Pupil , Visual Acuity
13.
Philippine Journal of Ophthalmology ; : 86-87, 2019.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-976076

Subject(s)
Gonioscopy
14.
Rev. bras. oftalmol ; 77(4): 211-213, jul.-ago. 2018. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-959093

ABSTRACT

RESUMO Incontinência pigmentar, também conhecida como síndrome de Bloch-Sulzberger, é uma doença rara de herança dominante ligada ao X cujas manifestações clínicas incluem lesões dermatológicas típicas combinadas com acometimento neurológico, oftalmológico e dentário. Alterações oculares são comuns e variadas, sendo o acometimento da retina o mais frequente e associado a perda visual severa. Foi relatado um caso de uma criança com perda visual grave decorrente de glaucoma, sem alteração retiniana significativa.


ABSTRACT Incontinentia pigmenti, also known as Bloch-Sulzberger syndrome, is a rare dominant X-linked inheritance disease whose clinical manifestations include typical dermatological lesions combined with neurological, ophthalmic and dental involvement. Ocular involvment is common and diverse and retinal changes are the most frequent and associated with serious visual loss. We reported a case of a child with severe visual loss due to glaucoma, with no significant retinal changes.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Child , Incontinentia Pigmenti/complications , Glaucoma/etiology , Ophthalmic Solutions , Atrophy , Incontinentia Pigmenti/genetics , Case Reports , Trabeculectomy , Visual Acuity , Glaucoma/diagnosis , Glaucoma/therapy , Administration, Oral , Mitomycin/administration & dosage , Electroretinography , Retinal Pigment Epithelium/pathology , Bimatoprost/administration & dosage , Gonioscopy , Intraocular Pressure , Acetazolamide/administration & dosage
15.
Rev. cuba. oftalmol ; 31(2): 1-7, abr.-jun. 2018. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-985567

ABSTRACT

Los glaucomas secundarios son de difícil manejo, independientemente de las causas. Entre ellos, el glaucoma neovascular representa un reto para los oftalmólogos por las causas que lo producen y la gran pérdida visual que provoca. De igual manera, el síndrome iridocorneoendotelial es una enfermedad poco frecuente. El glaucoma ocurre aproximadamente en el 50 por ciento de los casos en dependencia del síndrome que predomine, mucho más grave en la atrofia esencial del iris. Presentamos un caso clínico de una paciente femenina de 58 años de edad en quien aparecen en cada ojo, de manera independiente, estos dos tipos de glaucomas secundarios(AU)


Secondary glaucomas are always difficult to manage, no matter what their causes might be. Among them, neovascular glaucomas pose a challenge to ophthalmologists, due to the factors bringing them about and the great visual loss they produce. On the other hand, iridocorneal endothelial syndrome is an uncommon condition. Glaucoma develops in about 50 percent of the cases, depending on the prevailing syndrome, and is much more severe in essential iris atrophy. A clinical case is presented of a 58-year-old female patient with these two types of secondary glaucoma, one type in each eye(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Glaucoma, Neovascular/diagnosis , Iridocorneal Endothelial Syndrome/diagnosis , Iridocorneal Endothelial Syndrome/drug therapy , Fundus Oculi , Gonioscopy/methods
16.
Rev. bras. oftalmol ; 77(3): 164-167, May-June 2018. graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-959080

ABSTRACT

Resumo Um traumatismo ocular contuso pode gerar uma vasta gama de lesões intraoculares que são dependentes da quantidade de energia que o objeto transfere ao olho durante o impacto. As lesões da íris, malha trabecular e corpo ciliar podem repercutir na drenagem do humor aquoso. A ocorrência de uma ciclodiálise caracterizada pelo descolamento do corpo ciliar da parede escleral, criando uma comunicação entre a câmara anterior e o espaço supracoroidiano, pode provocar importante redução da pressão intraocular. Esta diminuição pressórica é a responsável pela ocorrência da maculopatia hipotônica que pode cursar com diminuição irreversível da acuidade visual. Não existe consenso na literatura sobre o tratamento das ciclodiálises. Neste relato, descrevemos um caso de ciclodiálise traumática pós impacto com projétil de arma de fogo tratada com aplicação de laser de argônio.


Abstract Blunt eye trauma can generate a wide range of intraocular lesions that are dependent on the amount of energy the object transfers to the eye during the impact. Lesions of the iris, trabecular meshwork and ciliary body may influence aqueous humor drainage. The cyclodialysis which is characterized by the detachment of ciliary body from the scleral wall, creating a communication between the anterior chamber to supracoroid space, can cause a several reduction of intraocular pressure. This pressure decrease is responsible for the occurrence of hypotonic maculopathy which may induce a severe impact on visual acuity. There is no consensus in the literature about cyclodialysis treatment. In this report, we describe a case of traumatic cyclodialysis after impact with a firearm projectile treated with argon laser photocoagulation.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Retinal Diseases/etiology , Wounds, Gunshot/complications , Ocular Hypotension/etiology , Eye Injuries/complications , Ophthalmoscopy , Retina/diagnostic imaging , Retinal Diseases/therapy , Retinal Diseases/diagnostic imaging , Vitreous Hemorrhage , Visual Acuity , Ocular Hypotension/therapy , Ciliary Body , Ultrasonography , Laser Coagulation/methods , Tomography, Optical Coherence , Eyelids/injuries , Slit Lamp Microscopy , Gonioscopy , Macula Lutea/diagnostic imaging
17.
Rev. argent. endocrinol. metab ; 55(2): 1-5, jun. 2018. graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1041730

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN Objetivo La asociación entre diabetes mellitus tipo 2 y glaucoma primario de ángulo abierto aún no está claramente establecida. Este estudio tiene como objetivo identificar la frecuencia entre ambas patologías en pacientes del Hospital Teodoro Maldonado Carbo durante el período 2010-2014 Métodos Se realizó un estudio retrospectivo, de corte transversal, de proporción, en una muestra de 283 pacientes mayores de 30 años cuyo diagnóstico fue de GPAA (Glaucoma primario de ángulo abierto) confirmado mediante estudio de tonometría, gonioscopia, campimetría y ausencia de causas secundarias de aumento de PIO. Se utilizaron criterios de la ADA/OMS para establecer el diagnóstico de DM2. Resultados La frecuencia de pacientes con diabetes en pacientes con diagnóstico de GPAA, que fueron atendidos en consultorios de Emergencia, Endocrinología y Oftalmología del Hospital Regional Teodoro Maldonado Carbo, durante el período 2010-2014, fue de 26,15% (74 de 283 pacientes), con importantes diferencias entre sexo y lugar de residencia. Conclusiones: Se demostró la existencia de una alta proporción entre DM2 y GPAA mediante razón de proporción.


ABSTRACT Objective The association between diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM2) and Primary Open- Angle Glaucoma (POAG) is not clearly established yet. This study has the objective to identify the frequency of both diseases in patients of Teodoro Maldonado Carbo Hospital during the period 2010-2014. Methods A retrospective, cross-sectional frequency was conducted on a sample of 283 patients over age 30 whose diagnosis was confirmed by examination of POAG tonometry, gonioscopy, perimetry and absence of secondary causes of increased intraocular pressure. ADA/OMS criteria were used to establish the diagnosis of DM2. Results The frequency of patients with diabetes diagnosed with POAG patients who were treated at the services of Emergency, Endocrinology and Ophthalmology of the Regional Hospital Teodoro Maldonado Carbo, during the period 2010-2014, was 26.15% (74 of 283 patients) with significant differences between sex and place of residence. Conclusions The existence of a high proportion between DM2 and POAG was demonstrated by prevalence ratio.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Glaucoma, Open-Angle/complications , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/complications , Risk Factors , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/prevention & control , Visual Field Tests/methods , Gonioscopy/methods , Manometry/methods
18.
Rev. bras. oftalmol ; 77(1): 9-13, jan.-fev. 2018. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-899103

ABSTRACT

Abstract Objective: To evaluate the clinical and epidemiological profile of patients with primary open-angle glaucoma. Methods: This is a quantitative study with cross-sectional and analytical design, which sample consisted of 425 patients treated in an unit of Specialized Care in Ophthalmology, located in the northern state of Minas Gerais, from 2004 to 2015. We collected the data using formularies that addressed demographic and clinical aspects, risk factors and the presence of undercurrent diseases. We conducted an ophthalmological examination to evaluate anatomical and functional changes. We used statistical analysis, and the results are presented by mean, standard deviation and percentiles 25, 50 and 75. Results: Females predominate (56.8%), the age group of 60 years or older (44%) and mixed skin (81.7%). A minority of participants present risk factors such as high myopia (6.3%) and diabetes mellitus (17.9%). Regarding the clinical examination, there is a prevalence of increased optic nerve excavation (≥ 0.8) and low thickness of the corneas (≤ 535 microns). Conclusion: Most people develop advanced glaucoma, with increased optic nerve excavation and changed visual fields. Other common risk factors are: family history of glaucoma, decreased thickness of the cornea and hypertension. Early diagnosis and treatment can prevent vision loss. Primary care physicians should consider referring patients who have glaucoma risk factors, for an ophthalmologic examination.


Resumo Objetivo: Avaliar o perfil clínico-epidemiológico dos indivíduos com glaucoma primário de ângulo aberto. Métodos: Trata-se de estudo quantitativo com desenho transversal e analítico, mediante amostra constituída de 425 pacientes atendidos em uma Unidade de Atenção Especializada em Oftalmologia localizada no norte do estado de Minas Gerais, Brasil, cadastrados no período de 2004 a 2015. As variáveis analisadas foram: características demográficas e clínicas, fatores de risco e presença de doenças associadas. Foi realizado exame oftalmológico para avaliar alterações anatômicas e funcionais. Para as análises estatísticas foram utilizados os programas Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS), versão 19.0. Considerou-se nível de significância p<0,05 para as variáveis categóricas. As variáveis descritivas foram apresentadas pela média, desvio-padrão e percentis 25, 50 e 75. Resultados: Predominou o gênero feminino (56,8%), a faixa etária de 60 anos ou mais (44%), e a cor da pele parda (81,7%). Fatores de risco como alta miopia (6,3%) e diabetes mellitus (17,9%) foram relatados pela minoria dos participantes. Em relação ao exame clínico, houve prevalência de escavação do nervo óptico aumentada (≥ 0,8 mm2) e baixa espessura central das córneas (≤ 535 micras). Conclusão: A maioria dos indivíduos apresenta glaucoma avançado, com escavações do nervo óptico aumentadas e campos visuais alterados. Outros fatores de risco frequentes foram: história familiar positiva para glaucoma, espessura central da córnea diminuída e hipertensão arterial sistêmica. Diagnóstico e tratamento precoces podem prevenir contra a perda de visão no glaucoma. Médicos da atenção primária à saúde devem encaminhar os pacientes que tenham fatores de risco para glaucoma, para a consulta especializada e exames oftalmológicos.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Glaucoma, Open-Angle/diagnosis , Glaucoma, Open-Angle/epidemiology , Optic Disk/pathology , Refraction, Ocular , Tonometry, Ocular , Skin Pigmentation , Sex Factors , Glaucoma, Open-Angle/etiology , Blindness/prevention & control , Cross-Sectional Studies , Risk Factors , Age Factors , Genetic Predisposition to Disease , Diabetes Complications , Diagnostic Techniques, Ophthalmological , Visual Field Tests , Corneal Pachymetry , Slit Lamp Microscopy , Gonioscopy , Hypertension/complications , Medical History Taking
19.
Rev. bras. oftalmol ; 76(6): 312-315, nov.-dez. 2017. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-899098

ABSTRACT

Abstract We report a case of a middle-aged woman who developed acute, bilateral, symmetrical, slightly transilluminating depigmentation of the iris and pigment discharge into the anterior chamber following the use of oral moxifloxacin for bacterial sinusitis. She had been misdiagnosed as having autoimmune uveitis, treated with steroids and tropicamide, and underwent severe ocular hypertension and glaucoma despite posterior correct diagnosis.


Resumo Relato de um caso de uma paciente do sexo feminino de meia idade que desenvolveu despigmentação bilateral simultânea aguda com dispersão de pigmentos na câmara anterior e discreta transiluminação após o uso de moxifloxacino oral para tratamento de sinusite bacteriana. Ela Havia sido diagnosticada com uveite autoimune e tratada com corticosteroide tópico e tropicamida e evoluiu com hipertensão ocular grave e glaucoma apesar de ,posteriormente, o diagnóstico ter sido correto.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Glaucoma/etiology , Ocular Hypertension/etiology , Iris Diseases/complications , Pigment Epithelium of Eye/diagnostic imaging , Pigmentation Disorders/diagnostic imaging , Trabecular Meshwork/pathology , Transillumination , Iridocyclitis/diagnosis , Glaucoma/drug therapy , Glaucoma/diagnostic imaging , Iris/diagnostic imaging , Ocular Hypertension/drug therapy , Ocular Hypertension/diagnostic imaging , Acute Disease , Photophobia , Tomography, Optical Coherence , Visual Field Tests , Brimonidine Tartrate/administration & dosage , Slit Lamp Microscopy , Moxifloxacin/adverse effects , Gonioscopy , Iris Diseases/chemically induced , Iris Diseases/diagnostic imaging , Anterior Chamber/pathology , Antihypertensive Agents/administration & dosage
20.
Rev. bras. oftalmol ; 76(4): 207-209, July-Aug. 2017. graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-899076

ABSTRACT

Resumo O presente estudo tem por objetivo relatar um raro caso da variante de Chandler da Síndrome Iridocorneana Endotelial em uma paciente de 56 anos. Esta referia baixa acuidade visual em olho direito há 2 anos, acompanhada de fotofobia e prurido. Ao exame oftalmológico, no primeiro atendimento, apresentava em olho direito acuidade visual de conta dedos à 0,5 metro e se observava à biomicroscopia policoria, edema corneano com microcistos e hiperemia conjuntival. O olho esquerdo não apresentava alterações. A pressão intraocular era de 16mmHg no olho direito e 10mmHg no olho esquerdo. Iniciou-se tratamento tópico com dorzolamida, maleato de timolol e dexametasona, sendo então, alcançado o controle da pressão intraocular. Constatou-se no exame de microscopia especular corneana a presença de ice cells. Na biomicroscopia atual, apresenta, no olho acometido, edema corneano com opacidade central, policoria, cristalino não visível e fundo de olho indevassável. Diante da confirmação do diagnóstico de Síndrome de Chandler, pelo quadro clínico compatível e alterações nos exames complementares, a paciente está em acompanhamento no serviço de Oftalmologia do Hospital Federal Servidores do Estado.


Abstract We report in this study a case of Chandler's Syndrome, an Iridocorneal Endhotelial Syndrome variant in a 56 years old patient, female, complaining about low vision in the right side, as well as itching and photophobia in the same side. In the first evaluation, we observed visual acuity of counting fingers at 0,5 meters, corneal swelling with microcystus and conjunctival hyperemia. The left eye was normal. Intraocular pressure was 16mmHg in right eye and 10 mmHg in left eye. We initiated topic treatment with Dorzolamide, Timolol and Dexamethasone, with good control of intraocular pressure. We noticed in corneal specular microscopy the presence of ice cells. In current biomicroscopy it is remarkable the corneal swelling, with central opacity and lens was not visible, as well as the fundoscopy is impossible. We confirmed the diagnosis of Chandler' Syndrome based on the clinical findings, and in abnormalities in complementary exams. Nowadays, the patient is being followed in the Ophthalmology department at Hospital Federal Servidores do Estado.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Iridocorneal Endothelial Syndrome/diagnosis , Iridocorneal Endothelial Syndrome/therapy , Pruritus , Sulfonamides/therapeutic use , Timolol/therapeutic use , Dexamethasone/therapeutic use , Visual Acuity , Corneal Edema/prevention & control , Ocular Hypertension/prevention & control , Corneal Topography , Photophobia , Slit Lamp Microscopy , Gonioscopy , Intraocular Pressure
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